p ISSN
2723-6927-e ISSN 2723-4339
The Phenomenon of Premarital Sex among Adolescents in Lembeyan District, Magetan
Regency
Ilham Ibnu
Utomo
Public Health, Stickers Bhakti Husada Mulia Madiun, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This research describes the phenomenon of premarital sexual
behavior among teenagers in Lembeyan District, Magetan Regency, and analyzes
the role of parents in prevention efforts. The research method uses a
qualitative approach with interview and documentation techniques for teenagers
under the age of 19 who are involved in this behavior, as well as their parents
and local KUA officers. The results show that premarital sexual behavior is
influenced by unhealthy relationships and lack of supervision from parents.
Parents are identified as having an important role as educators, role models,
supervisors and counselors in preventing premarital sexual behavior. These
findings provide input for improving understanding and preventive action in the
field of adolescent health.
Keywords: Premarital sex,
Teenagers, Role of parents
Adolescence is a period of change
from child to adult physically, emotionally and psychologically(Suryana et al., 2022). Where adolescence is still unstable, at this time a person
will look for his identity without thinking about the risks of what he will do.
One of the problems that often occurs in teenagers is premarital sexual
behavior(Nabila et al., 2023). Premarital sexual behavior begins with promiscuity and is
usually carried out by groups of early adolescents aged 10-18 years.(Fauziah et al., 2022). At this time, they are looking for their identity, begin to
be attracted to the opposite sex, romantic feelings emerge and begin to have
sexual fantasies which can lead to juvenile delinquency.(Ramadhani, 2022).
Premarital sexual
behavior is a sexual act that is carried out without
marriage and is often carried out during adolescence. The problems experienced
by teenagers are quite complex, starting from relationships, unhealthy dating behavior and so on.(Aswinda, 2021). Data
from the 2017 Indonesian Health and Survey (SDKI), some teenagers stated that
they started dating before the age of 15(KW & Arifah, 2020). Dating
behavior carried out by teenagers according to the 2017 SDKI data, holding
hands, followed by kissing and teenagers admitting to having touched sensitive
body parts of their partner, and 3.6% of teenagers have had sexual relations
like husband and wife.(Waliyanti et al., 2022).
Risky sexual behavior among unmarried teenagers tends to increase and
result in out-of-wedlock pregnancies or KTD, sexual behavior
carried out in adolescence has an impact on infectious diseases such as
HIV/AIDS, thereby placing teenagers at risk of unsafe sexual behavior.(Kasim, 2014). The role
of parents also has a big impact on teenagers in risky sexual behavior, it can
also be concluded that families provide the most information to children,
provide supervision and attention to children, this allows for less sexual
behavior carried out by teenagers compared to others. with adolescents with low
family role(Dewi, Masruhim, 2019).
The cause of
premarital sexual behavior is a biological urge to
strengthen commitment to dating and feel ready to have a relationship with your
partner. If premarital sex is not treated immediately, there will be more cases
of sexually transmitted diseases, premarital pregnancies, and maternal deaths
due to pregnancy at an early age.(Akbar et al., 2023).
Data obtained by
the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency, the number of residents with
teenagers is 42.4 million. The National Commission for Child Protection (KPAI)
and the Indonesian Ministry of Health stated that around 62.7% of teenagers
have had premarital sexual relations. Data from the East Java Communication and
Information Service, the number of applications for Marriage Dispensation
(DISKA) for East Java Province is 15,212 cases. Around 12,457 teenage girls,
and 3,424 teenage boys(Nur Lutfiana et al., 2023)
Data from the
Magetan Regency Religious Court in 2022 saw the number of Applications for
Marriage Dispensation (DISKA), namely in the Poncol, Plaosan and Lembeyan areas
as many as 107 applications, most applications for marriage dispensation were
made by elementary school age students at 18 people, at junior high school at
72 people, and at high school at 17 people. . So it
can be concluded that those who apply for marriage dispensation are on average
not old enough or under 19 years of age in accordance with the applicable
provisions.(Hidayat & Nurhayati, 2020).
Based on data
from the Magetan Regency Religious Court Office, it
shows that there are 94 reports of applications for marriage dispensation in
2023 spread across 18 sub-districts. The data shows that the sub-district has
the highest incidence of marriage dispensation cases in the War sub-district
with a total of 13 cases. Meanwhile, based on the results of a survey by the Magetan Religious Court Office in December, data showed
that the highest increase in marriage dispensation was in Lembeyan
sub-district with 3 reports.
The role that parents play, such as
inconsistent parenting patterns, lack of parental knowledge about sex, low
level of education among parents, lack of supervision provided, and no
education provided by parents to their children regarding sexuality issues can
make children unstable. Lack of attention given to children and lack of
knowledge about sex can make children easily influenced by the unfavorable
surrounding environment, especially in today's era regarding sorting social
media content.So it can be seen that the role of parents is
very important, especially in terms of knowledge and supervision to prevent
premarital sex in teenagers.(Kosati, 2018).
Parents are
educators for their children, the main role models for children whose behavior
will be observed and imitated. Parents want children who are obedient and
dutiful, so parents must prepare provisions in the form of education,
encouragement, role models and counselors for their children to face a better
life.(Hidayat & Nurhayati, 2020).
On research(Hidayat & Nurhayati, 2020)entitled
the relationship between the role of parents and the incidence of premarital
sex, showed that children with light premarital sexual behavior were 110
respondents (51.2%), moderate premarital sexual behavior was 71 respondents
(33%), and heavy premarital sexual behavior was 34 respondents (15 .8%). The
research results show that the role of parents is very influential in the
incidence of premarital sex in children who are still classified as
under-general.
Applications for
marriage dispensation on average are classified as underage or at least 19
years, which often occurs in Lembeyan sub-district,
indicating that premarital sexual behavior has
occurred. Various efforts have been made to address premarital sexual behavior by the school, however, the incidence of
premarital sex is still high, this is proven by the case of marriage
dispensation. So researchers are interested in
conducting research regarding the knowledge and role of parents in preventing
premarital sex in Lembeyan District.
This research
aims to identify the phenomenon of premarital sex among teenagers in Lembeyan
District, Magetan Regency. The main problem formulation is to reveal what
phenomena occur in that context. The general aim is to understand the
phenomenon of premarital sex among teenagers in the region, while the specific
aim includes identifying the role of parents as educators, role models,
supervisors and counselors in efforts to prevent premarital sexual behavior.
The benefits of this research include providing input and knowledge in the
health sector to researchers, respondents and health services in the district,
with the hope of increasing understanding and preventive action regarding this
problem.
Interpretation
of Research Results and Discussion
In-depth
interview conducted by the head of the research subject regarding the
phenomenon of premarital sex in Lembean sub-district,
Kab. Magetan
A.
Teen
Premarital Sex
Premarital
sex between teenagers and their parents is what premarital sexual behavior is carried out by teenagers, how teenagers respond
to teenage sexual behavior, how parents provide sex
education to their children, what role parents give their children regarding
premarital sex, how to provide supervision to children, what is the attitude of
parents as counselors.
1.
Things that make teenagers interested
in sexual behavior and sexual behavior carried out by teenagers
a.
From the results of research with a
total of 8 informants, the majority of 7 informants said that they were
initially interested in sexual behavior due to the influence of their friends
and curiosity.
Informant 1 said that his initial interest in
dating was influenced by his friend and he tried to date. He said he felt happy
and was also interested in dating because he received attention from his
partner. This was reinforced by what was conveyed by the supporting informant,
namely his mother.
The supporting informant said that as his
grandmother he had tried to give good advice and role models for the informant
to focus on school and not date at a young age and because he was the only one
at home with him where the informant's parents had separated and migrated
abroad so that he didn't know what was going on. what the informant has done so
far.
The supporting informant said that he knew
that the informant was dating because he had once seen him bring his girlfriend
to play at the informant's house. He also thought that because the informant's
parents had separated and did not live in the same house, the informant only
lived with his older brother, so the informant Lack of attention and guidance
from parental figures resulted in this happening. From the statements of
informants 1 and 4, it is the same as that conveyed by informants 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
and 8. What makes the informants interested in sexual behavior
is because of the influence of friends and also the feeling of happiness
because they feel they are getting the attention they have received so far.
want to get from both parents.
b.
The sexual behavior
that is usually carried out, from the results of research with a total of 8
informants, the 8 informants said that the behavior
they carried out up to the stage of sexual intercourse was holding hands,
touching and kissing, as conveyed by informant 1:
Informant 1 said that he started dating in
2021, then often went out together and played at each other's houses and the
first time he had sexual relations was when his girlfriend was playing at his
house, then when it was just the two of them his girlfriend started groping
where he shouldn't be. Informant 1 just gave in and followed until finally
kissing and having sexual relations, he said that the first person who asked
was his girlfriend and they had sexual relations during school holidays or once
a week when playing at informant 1's house or at his girlfriend's house when no
one was around. This is reinforced by the statement made by the supporting
informant, namely her grandmother, she said:
Supporting informants said that during their
courtship, the parents of both informant 1 and his girlfriend did not know what
their children were doing because their parents had separated and moved abroad,
especially since he was the only one at home who was also busy with work at
home. and in the rice fields. This is more or less the same as what was
conveyed by informant 2:
Informant 2 said that he was initially asked
to go out to play, then he was invited to his girlfriend's house because his
girlfriend's parents were not at home because they were working. This happened.
At first, he said that he was just kissing, then his girlfriend started to
touch him. At first, he refused, but because he was carried away by lust, they
finally arrived. having sexual relations. This was reinforced by what was
conveyed by a supporting informant, namely his mother:
The supporting informant said that he felt
that his child was fine and that it would not be like that, because according
to him the important thing was that school children and parents were sufficient
to meet the needs/requirements required by their children and he felt that as a
parent he had educated and provided a role model for his child by advised not
to date.
Informant 3 said that initially he was invited
to play with his girlfriend and his friend to the nest and then invited to the
inn, he said at first he didn't know he would be
invited to the inn because his girlfriend said he only wanted to buy coffee but
it turned out he was invited to go to the inn, because he was also together.
Ignited with lust, sexual intercourse finally occurred. He also said that he
only had sexual intercourse once because it was during the fertile period, so
pregnancy occurred.
Supporting informants said that he had set the
best example but felt that he was lacking in providing supervision and
education to his children because he was busy working, plus he had separated
from his wife. He said that all this time he also did not know what his
children were doing when they were outside the home because what he knew During
this time his son said goodbye to go to school. From the statements of
informants 1, 2 and 3, it is more or less the same as that conveyed by
informants 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, that the sexual behavior
they carry out up to the stage of sexual intercourse is just holding hands,
touching and kissing, as well as parents who lack of supervision when they are
outside the home. The key informant said that he really regretted the incident
of premarital sex that occurred. He said that this incident occurred due to
negligence on the part of parents, teachers and also the community. Negligence
in providing education and also role models for young children, which in
religion is clearly prohibited, but because of the lack of education that was
emphasized to the informants, it finally made them feel free and this happened.
Puberty in adolescents begins at the age of 12
to 15 years so that sexual education can be given at that age. The aim of
providing sexual education to teenagers is to prevent premature sexual behavior
in teenagers due to a lack of knowledge about reproductive health, including
the impact of risky premarital sex. The informants from this study mostly
engaged in sexual behavior, namely joining in with their peers and also felt
happy because they felt they were getting attention when the informant was in a
relationship (dating), which ultimately made the informant do things that
should not have been done before marriage, such as kissing, touching and even
having premarital sexual relations.
From the results of interviews with 3 informants, it is known that free
sexual behavior in teenagers originates from unhealthy dating behavior, as has beendosex. They
do this because they like each other and teenagers' curiosity about having sex.
Apart from that, they also date because they feel theresomebodywho
provide attention that they do not get from parents or other close family.
This research is in line with research conducted by Triana (2019)
regarding perceptionbetween teenagers who are dating and
teenagers who are not dating regarding premarital sexual behaviorwhich states thatMost
of the 75.0% (27 teenagers) who are not dating have a positive perception about
premarital sex. Current dating styles generally tend to focus on sexual matters
and can lead to unwanted events such as pregnancies outside of marriage. Some
teenagers who are dating have a positive perception because they think that the
dating period can be used as motivation, support and encouragement in carrying
out daily activities, apart from that, when one of them has a problem they can
share with each other about solving the problem and they can fill each other
in. shortcomings of one another(Setijaningsih,
2019).
Respondents also said that they chose to date because they received
attention that they did not get from their families, especially their parents.
Of course, in this case the role of parents in maintaining parenting patterns
is lacking, the role of parents is very important in preventing premarital
sexual behavior. Parents' attention to children,
especially the transition from childhood to adulthood, is a transition that is
vulnerable to negative influences.
Based on the research results, it can be concluded that many teenagers
have premarital sex because of unhealthy dating and curiosity. Starting from
physical touch such as holding hands, kissing, hugging and spreading to sexual behavior. This is also due to their curiosity about having
sex with their partner and because they also have a biological desire to be
interested in having sex. Things like this happen because of a lack of
education for teenagers regarding premarital sex, their lack of understanding about
premarital sex causes their curiosity to increase and they engage in panic sex.
Apart from that, the lack of supervision from parents is also a trigger, those
who have premarital sex do so because their parents let them go and their
parents are busy and do not pay attention to their relationships.
It would be better for this cause to carry out educational activities for
teenagers from various education channels, not just parents, so that knowledge
can be distributed by schools, health promotion staff, youth organizations and
other organizations. It is hoped that providing sex education and knowledge can
be achievedaddknowledge of teenagers, especially in the field of
preventing premarital sex and reducing the prevalence of premarital sex and
pregnancy outside of marriage.
2. Roleparents in preventing premarital sex
in adolescents
a. From
the results of research with a total of 8 supporting informants, 3 supporting
informants have provided education, role models, supervision and as counselors to the informants.
������� Supporting
informant 1 said that he, as a parent, always provides direction, role models
and also supervision to teenagers so that they do not date, supporting
informant also said that teenagers now are like that. All facilities have been
provided and he does not know where teenagers go every time, they leave the
house so parents are in Supervision of teenagers is lacking, and every time
parents ask informants, they always get angry.
Supporting
informant 2 said that as a parent he provided education, a role model and also
supervision, just reminding him, supporting informant 2 gave a prohibition
against dating the informant and in providing supervision he simply asked about
the whereabouts of the informant, this is the case for the supporting informant
in providing a supervisory role model to the informant. say it is less directed
towards preventing premarital sex in teenagers.
Supporting
informant 2 said that in providing education to informants, he simply
prohibited them from dating and also provided a good role model. The supporting
informant also provided supervision to the informant. He also provided
facilities to the informant so that this made it difficult for the supporting
informant to supervise the informant.
b. The role of parents from a total of 8
supporting informants, there were 5 supporting informants who were lacking in
providing education, role models, supervision and also counselors
to the informants.
The
supporting informant said that he had never provided education that led to
premarital sex and also that his parents had separated, the supporting
informant also provided a role model for the informant and the supporting
informant in providing supervision was very lacking because he was busy
working. He also said that his parents were lacking in providing education and
also supervision of informants.
Supporting
informant 4, namely his neighbor, said that initially
the informant was at the cottage, the informant's parents had been separated
for a long time and worked abroad so the informant rarely met his parents, the
informant lived at home with his older brother. Supporting informants also said
that nowadays, through cellphone media, teenagers are
very quickly led to premarital sex and there is also a lack of parental
supervision.
Supporting
informant 5 said that in providing education to the informant, he only reminded
him to pray and recite the Koran and did not remind him of things that caused
sex. The supporting informant also said that he did not provide more in-depth
supervision to the informant regarding sex because he was busy working in his
rice fields. I also supervised informants, but the interaction of children now
via cellphones makes it difficult for supporting
informants to monitor them. The supporting informant also said that as a parent
he also provided an example of good behavior carried
out by others, and the supporting informant as a parent never asked questions
or told stories to the informant because the informant was always silent when
asked.
What was said
by supporting informant 6 in providing education about sex was never because he
was busy working to meet his needs and supporting informant as a parent in
providing a role model to the informant was just doing good things. The
supporting informant, in providing supervision to the informant, only reminded
the informant that when it was time to go home, immediately go home and the
supporting informant also never asked questions or became a place to tell the
informant about things that led to premarital sex because he was busy working.
The statement
expressed by informant 6 was that the informant felt a lack of love from his
parents, while the informant was still working, his mother never gave him any
news, so the informant felt that he was not being cared for and sought
attention from other people, namely the informant's girlfriend, so that leading
into sex.
The statement
expressed by the key informant, namely the KUA officer, said that according to
the information he received, especially in Lembeyan
sub-district, premarital sex occurred due to disharmonious family factors, he
also said that his parents were fine but their child was pregnant out of
wedlock, He said that not everyone is like that, but most families are not
harmonious, so teenagers seek sensation and attention from other people, namely
their girlfriends.Most of the informants' parents separated
when the informants were still young and many of them migrated to work abroad
so that the informants lacked early education and felt that they had no one to
look up to as a role model and lacked attention, which made them try to look
for it in others.
This research is in line with research conducted by Triana (2019)
regarding perceptionbetween teenagers who are dating and
teenagers who are not dating regarding premarital sexual behaviorwhich states thatMost
of the 75.0% (27 teenagers) who are not dating have a positive perception about
premarital sex. Current dating styles generally tend to focus on sexual matters
and can lead to unwanted events such as pregnancies outside of marriage. Some
teenagers who are dating have a positive perception because they think that the
dating period can be used as motivation, support and encouragement in carrying
out daily activities, apart from that when one of themownThey can share
problems with each other regarding solutions to these problems and they can
fill in each other's shortcomings(Setijaningsih,
2019).
Respondents also said that they chose to date because they received
attention that they could not get from their families, especially their
parents. Of coursein this
case the role of parents in maintaining parenting patterns is lacking, the role
of parents is very important in preventing premarital sexual behavior. Parents'
attention to children, especially the transition from childhood to adulthood,
is a transition that is vulnerable to negative influences.
Based on research conducted by Afrilia (2019) distribution
frequency The
role of parents in the sexual behavior of 60 students is known to be a group of
teenagers whose rolepersontheir parents
were negative, 79% were at risk of having premarital sex, while in the group of
teenagers whose parents were positive, only 45% were at risk of having
premarital sex.The group of teenagers whose parental
role is negative is 4 times more likely to have premarital sexual activity
compared to the group of teenagers whose parental role is positive.(Afrilia et al., 2019).
Without serious
supervision from parents and healthy communication within the family, teenagers
can fall into bad behavior. Therefore, the role of
parents is to provide serious supervision, choose friends, educate, etcgiveMore free time to communicate can prevent children
from falling into bad behavior early(Winarti & Alamsyah, 2020).
Based on the research results, it can be concluded that many teenage
parents are lacking in providing education, role models, supervision andcounselorFor
teenagers, this makes teenagers feel like they don't get attention and are freeTeenagers can
lead to bad actions such as having premarital sex because of unhealthy dating
and curiosity. Starting from physical touch such as holding hands, kissing,
hugging and spreading to sexual behavior. This is
also due to their curiosity about having sex with their partner and because
they also have a biological desire to be interested in having sex. Things like
this happen because of the lack of education and role models provided by
parents to teenagers, such as education to teenagers regarding premarital sex,
their lack of understanding about premarital sex, lack of supervision from
parents is also a cause, those who have premarital sex do so because they are
free. by parents and busy parents who do not pay attention to their
relationships.
It would be better for this cause to carry out educational activities for
parents and teenagers from various education channels, not only from KUA
officers, so that the distribution of knowledge can be carried out by health
promotion personnel. Providing education to parents and teenagers regarding
parents providing education, guidance, supervision and also being a counselor is expectedcanincrease
the knowledge of parents and teenagers, especially in the field of preventing
premarital sex and reducing the incidence of premarital sex and pregnancy
outside of marriage.
This type of research uses a qualitative
approach by means of interviews and documentation of the phenomenon of
premarital sex in adolescents. This research uses primary data obtained during
research using the source triangulation method. There are limitations for
researchers in conducting this research which may influence the research
results:
1. Limitations in interviewing informants who
are less open in expressing what they have experienced
2. When interviewed, the informant gave slightly
different answers to what was said and what was asked
3. It was quite difficult to arrange a schedule
with the informant's parents because he was still busy with his work.
4. There were several informants whose parents
were not at home because they worked abroad
5. There were several informants foster parents
who did not understand how to receive questions and when giving answers
6. Researchers have not examined several things
that have the potential to cause premarital sex in teenagers.
Based on the results of research on
"The Phenomenon of Premarital Sex among Adolescents in Lembeyan
District, Magetan Regency," the conclusion shows
that the role of parents as educators, role models, supervisors and counselors in preventing premarital sexual behavior among adolescents is still less than optimal. This
is caused by disharmonious family conditions, such as broken homes or parents
who work as migrant workers, which results in teenagers losing adequate
guidance and attention from their parents. In this context, teenagers tend to
seek influence from the external environment such as peers or social media,
which can worsen premarital sexual behavior.
Therefore, further efforts are needed to strengthen the role of parents in
educating, supervising, providing good examples, and providing emotional
support and counseling needed by teenagers to avoid
unwanted premarital sexual behavior.
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